Improvement in copes for casting car-wheels



UNTTED STATES PATENT OEEIoE.

ALERI ALLING, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. l

IMPROVEMENT IN COPES FOR CASTING CAR-WHEELS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 110,531.1,dated December 27, 1870.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT ALLNG, of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Wheel Oopes 5 and l do hereby declare the following vto be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a plan view of the cope and chill; and Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same in the line x x, Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference in the accompanying drawing denote corresponding parts.

In casting car-wheels, that part of the mold called the cope is usually made in the form of an open wheel having a hollow cylindrical hub and a circular rim connected to the hub by radial arms. The cope is filled with sand. to form part of the mold, and attached by its rim to an annular metal chill, around the in- 11er circum ference of which the metal is poured to form the tread and iiange of a car-wheel.

' Vhile, therefore, the main body of the mold is composed of sand, the tread and face of the flange are formed by the chill. Owing to this construction the chill expands somewhat when the molten metal is poured into the mold, while the cope retains its original dimensions. As the rim of the cope is firmly connected to the chill, the expansion isliable to break the connections and injure the shape ofthe mold, or break the rim of the cope and render the latter worthless. The cope must either yield to the expansion of the chill, or become broken or otherwise injured.

The principal object of my invention is to overcome this difficulty; and to this end it consists in constructing the cope with a double rim, the outer one of which is attached to the.

relation to the latter, and thus preserve the shape of the mold.

In the drawing, A is the hollow hub, and B the rim, of the cope, iirmly connected to-y gether by the curved radial arms O.- The rim B is made hollow vor double, with its lower side open and its upper side closed, as shown in Fig. 2. It may be either formed in one piece in this manner, or of an outer and inner rim connected together by a separate top plate.

D is the chill upon which the cope rests, composed of metal and made annular in shape, with its lower inner edge, E, slightly beveled, to form the mold for the ilange of a car-wheel.

In molding a car-wheel, the cope and chill are reversed, so that the chill shall be uppermost, and the hub ofthe cope rest upon a moldboard, or enter a hole in the same, and permit the rim B and upper edges of the radial arms to bear upon the board. In this position the cope is filled with sand, which is tamped around the runner or hub A, and slightly above the edges of theradial arms. The pattern is then placed within the chill, resting with one side upon the sand, and with the tread and face of the flange iny contact with the chill.

To form a sand-mold upon the exposed or upper face of the pattern, a frame'(not`shown in the drawing) called a nowel is placed upon the chill and iilled with sand, whichl is then tamped thoroughly, after wl1ich`tlie;11owel is lifted off by suitableV means and-. the 1 pattern withdrawn. An annular core istlienplaced within the mold surrounding the opening through the hub, around which the Vmetal flows when poured into the mold, to make that portion of a car-wheel around the hub hollow, for the purpose of reducing the weight ofthe saine. This core is made in the usual manner. After the core has been applied, the nowel is replaced and the whole device rcversed, to bring the cope uppermost and the nowel underneath. The molten metal is then poured into the mold in the ordinary manner, causing the chill to expand rapidly.

By the old method of construction, the cope, being single and protected by sand, does not expand or contract with the chill, and is therefore subjected to such a strain as will frequently cause it to break or become displaced. By means of the double rim, however, and to the fact that it bears only upon the chill at Z, making the outer rim elastic, this strain is relieved, allowing the cope to yield to the expansion and contraction of the chill without the danger of breaking or becoming displaced.

As in the process of reversing the cope, chill, and nowel the core is liable to be displaced in the mold, and so render the same irregular, I arrange three or more sockets, F, upon the outside of the hub or runner, and in the cope, which receive the points of a series ot' pins attached to one side of the core. When the whole device is reversed, therefore, the

core is prevented from slipping` out of place.

Gr are ln gs projecting outward from the lower edge of the outer cope-rim, and provided with downwardprojccting lugs M upon their under sides, which t over and in contact with the outer edge of the chill. H are pins or bolts connecting the outer cope-rim to the chill, by passing through the lugs G upon the former, and lugs J projecting from the latter, as shown.

The lugs M permit the cope to be rmly locked upon the chill, and prevent the shifting of the former in consequence of the bolts H becoming loose by expansion. By the shifting of the cope in the least it throws the corepins or chaplets off their center, thus making one side of the plate of the wheel, by pressure upon the core, of less thickness, and causing a y greater strain upon the thin portion of the plate.

l ALBERT ALLING.

XVitnesses N. K. ELLswoR'rH, E. A. ELLswoR'rH. 

